Укр
Рус
Рус
“Physiology” is a textbook on Human Physiology, written in English for better underdstanding of physiology by English-speaking students, contains basic educational materials according to the Physiology Course Program. The edition contains information about all parts of discipline, paying attention to basic requirements of the credit module system of teaching in relation to improvement of students' self-study. Together with basic mechanisms of organs and organ systems functioning, principles of organism neuro-humoral regulation in normal conditions, adaptative-compensatory mechanisms in stressed conditions or other factors, initial data on functioning failure of each organ are given in this textbook.
Clear, detailed content of each chapter with selection of major details on every theme, understandable definition of main data, definitions and classifications with additional graphical material allow students to easily find out the main aspects of each theme.
The textbook can also be useful to teachers working in educational medical institutions with English-speaking students.
Підручник з фізіології людини, викладений англійською мовою для кращого опанування англомовними студентами знань з фізіології, містить основний навчальний матеріал за програмою курсу фізіології. Видання містить інформацію про всі розділи дисципліни, зважаючи на основні вимоги кредитно-модульної системи навчання стосовно покращення самостійного вивчення навчального матеріалу. Разом із висвітленням основних механізмів функціонування органів та систем органів, принципів нервово-гуморальної регуляції функцій організму людини за умов норми, адаптаційно-пристосувальних механізмів за умов дії стресорних чи інших чинників, у підручнику наведені початкові дані про порушення функціонування кожного з органів.
Чітка, обдумана рубрифікація змісту кожного розділу з виділенням найважливіших деталей кожної теми, чітке формулювання основних положень, визначень та класифікацій із додатковим винесенням матеріалу лекції в рисунки та схеми дозволяють студентам легко з’ясувати головні аспекти кожної з тем.
Підручник може бути також корисний для викладачів, які працюють в навчальних медичних закладах з англомовними студентами.
Contents Preface........................................................................................................................................... 6
Unit I. PHYSIOLOGY OF EXCITATIVE TISSUES (Prepared by O. A. Shandra).................... 7
Chapter 1. Introduction to physiology. The excitative tissues. Membrane potential and potential of action ......................................................... 7
Chapter 2. Physiology of muscles. Skeletal and smooth muscles...................28
Chapter 3. Physiology of synaptic transmission ....................................................47
Unit II. GENERAL PHYSIOLOGY OF CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (Prepared by R. S. Vastyanov)............................................................................................................54
Chapter 4. General principles of biologic regulation. Neural regulation. The principles of reflectory regulation...................................................................54
Chapter 5. Excitation and inhibition in central nervous system. The principles of reflectory activity coordination.............................................66
Unit III. ROLE OF CNS IN REGULATION OF SOMATIC FUNCTIONS (Prepared by O. A. Shandra & R. S. Vastyanov).................................................................................80
Chapter 6. Organization and control of motor movements. Tone of skeletal muscles. The pyramidal and the extrapyramidal systems. Spinal cord, basal ganglia.........................................80
Chapter 7. Forebrain and cerebellar regulation of motor function and organism systemic activity. Physiology of thalamus and brain cortex. Electric activity of cns and its clinical importance..........................................97
Unit IV. PHYSIOLOGY OF AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM (Prepared by R. S. Vastyanov).........................................................................................................119
Chapter 8. Neural regulation of vegetative functions. Structural-functional peculiarities of autonomic (vegetative) nervous system ..............................................................................................................119
Unit V. ENDOCRINE PHYSIOLOGY (Prepared by O. A. Shandra) .................................134
Chapter 9. General endocrinology. The hypothalamic-pituitary system......................................................................134
Chapter 10. Endocrine regulation of physical and mental development...........................................................................................155
Chapter 11. endocrine regulation of homeostasis and organism nonspecific adaptation................................................................................................165
Chapter 12. Physiology of male and female sexual glands.............................215
Unit VI. BLOOD PHYSIOLOGY (Prepared by R. S. Vastyanov)........................................250
Chapter 13. General characteristics of blood system. Physiological constants of blood. Physiology of erythrocytes. Hemoglobin. Blood groups..............................250
Chapter 14. Protective functions of blood. Physiology of leykocytes. Immunity and its types...............................................................................................268
Chapter 15. Physiology of blood coagulation.......................................................281
Unit VII. CARDIOVASCULAR PHYSIOLOGY (Prepared by O. A. Shandra & R. S. Vastyanov)..............................................................................293
Chapter 16. Physiological properties of cardiac muscle. Mechanical properties of the heart.......................................................................293
Chapter 17. Electrical displays of cardiac activity .............................................326
Chapter 18. Neurohumoral regulation of cardiac activity..............................356
Chapter 19. Circulatory system. Hemodynamics. Classification of vessels ..............................................................................................377
Chapter 20. Microcirculation and lymph flow. Regional bloodflow...........391
Chapter 21. Arterial pressure. Neurohumoral regulation of circulatory system functional activity ............................................................404
Unit VIII. RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY (Prepared by R. S. Vastyanov).....................437
Chapter 22. Structural organization of the respiratory system. The mechanism of inspiration and expiration.................................................437
Chapter 23. Gas exchange and gases transportation by blood.....................462
Chapter 24. Regulation of respiration .....................................................................480
Unit IX. Gastrointestinal physiology (Prepared by R. S. Vastyanov)...........491
Chapter 25. Digestive tract functions. Digestion in the oral cavity. Swallowing .......................................................................................................................491
Chapter 26. Digestion in the stomach......................................................................503
Chapter 27. Digestion and absorption in the small intestine........................521
Chapter 28. Physiology of pancreatic gland and liver. Digestive functions of pancreatic juice and bile..............................................541
Unit X. energy exchange and temperature physiology (Prepared by O. A. Shandra)............................................................................................................551
Chapter 29. Energy exchange. Basal exchange. Nutrition...............................551
Chapter 30. Temperature and its regulation........................................................574
Unit XI. PHYSIOLOGY OF KIDNEYS AND ACID-BASE BALANCE (Prepared by R. S. Vastyanov).........................................................................................................587
Chapter 31. Structural organization of excreting system. Kidneys and their role in urine formation.........................................................587
Chapter 32. Regulation of water-electrolyte balance .......................................605
Chapter 33. Acid-base balance....................................................................................622
Unit XII. SENSORY PHYSIOLOGY (Prepared by V. M. Moroz, V. M. Yoltukhivsky & O. D. Omelchenko) ...........................................635
Chapter 34. General properties of sensory systems. Proprioceptive, taste and olfactory sensory systems ...................................635
Chapter 35. Physiology of vision ...............................................................................658
Chapter 36. Physiology of auditory and vestibular sensory systems........672
Unit XIII. PHYSIOLOGY OF HUMAN BEHAVIOUR (Prepared by R. S. Vastyanov).........................................................................................................684
Chapter 37. Unconditioned and conditioned reflectory activity .................684
Chapter 38. Physiology of memory...........................................................................694
Chapter 39. Physiology of sleep..................................................................................707